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The
term used to describe an inflammation of the tissue
surrounding the teeth or gums is GINGIVITIS.
There are several forms of this condition which can
be divided into three groups:
- Infective
forms of gingivitis
- Hyperplastic
forms of gingivitis
- Simple
gingivitis
By far the most common form of gingivitis is the simple
type. It is characterized by an inflammatory process that
may be either acute or chronic. Change in the color of
the gums from pink to red is common, and there is usually
slight enlargement of the tissue. In many cases the tissue
will bleed spontaneously or in response to brushing or
flossing. The primary cause of simple gingivitis is a
local factor such as plaque, calculus (tartar), poor restorations,
food impaction, and dental decay. (Refer to Diagram
5)
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Symptoms
of Simple Gingivitis |
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- Gum
tissue appears red and slightly swollen.
- Gums
may bleed easily when brushing or flossing.
- There
is no systemic manifestation such as lymph node involvement,
malaise (a feeling of bodily discomfort), or fever.
- There
is no current medication such as Dilantin being taken.
- In
women there is no current pregnancy with associated
hormonal changes.
- There
is no sloughing of the outer layer of tissue.
As with all dental emergencies a dentist should be consulted
immediately so that a differential diagnosis can be
made between simple gingivitis and other more complicated
forms.
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Temporary
Treatments for Sore Inflamed Gums
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Definitive treatments of gingivitis
can only be accomplished after a diagnosis is made by
a dentist. However, there are steps that can be taken
to lessen the effect of simple gingivitis.
- Remove
as much of the local irritants as possible by brushing
more thoroughly. This is best accomplished using a
soft toothbrush in a circular or downward stroke placing
the bristle under the the tissue and stroking away
from the gums.
- Flossing
is essential for removing the irritants between the
teeth. Most people with gingivitis find that the tissue
will bleed a little, this is normal.
- Dentist
commonly use several treatment entities in the treatment
of gingivitis and periodontitis. Chlorhexidene (among
others) to help reduce the inflammation associated
with gingivitis and periodontal disease. Hydrogen
peroxide and baking soda can be used as a home
remedy to reduce inflammation and bleeding. When mixed
into a thick paste and gently placed under the tissue,
many people find that it helps reduce bleeding. Discontinue
if tissue becomes irritated. Consult with a dentist
immediately for an exam and cleaning.
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